I'm Dr kosi mukarji I'm associated with monal takura as the head of the Department of cardiothoracic and vascular surgery today we are discussing about the valve surgeries in our Hospital valve surgeries can be various can be iotic valve surgery can be mital valve surgery can both iotic and mital valve surgery in the same patients iotic valve surgery generally we do the replacement either through a b small incision or through stromy either by bioprosthetic Val or mechanical valve mital Val can be repaired in some cases but generally the replacement is also being done here through small mics approach or Medi stomy approach sometimes patient require both valve replacement and that is also can be done through stomy approach or minimal invasive approach these valves can be of various type either it is a bioprosthetic valve or it is a mechanic valve for the bioptic valve the disadvantage is it should be changed after 10 to 15 years and for the mechanical valve you have to take anti-coagulant for the rest of your life and monitor the uh INR or coagulation profile so valve replacement is very safe operation and if you require a valve replacement we can you can come here for that with very minimal risk of complication