Dr Ritesh G V is a Consultant in General Surgery at Narayana Multi speciality Hospital, HSR Bangalore. He finished his MBBS ...

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Hernia | Dr Ritesh G V, Narayana Hospital, HSR

hi this is Dr ratesh minimal access surgeon working in Nar Health HSR layout Bangalore today we'll be talking about hernas what basically is a hernia a hernia occurs when part of your insides bulge out through an opening or due to a weakness in the musculature or the tissues that contain it so most often the hernas that occur are usually because one of your abdominal organs are trying to push through the walls of the abdominal cavity hernas gradually occur as in when the age progresses usually in old age or sometimes due to a conial defect or in women sometimes post pregnancy when the woman is recovering from a pregnancy so that's when the hernas occur it can also occur due to an acute trauma or any kind of injury or due to any previous abdominal surgeries that the patient has undergone these are the most common issues let's talk about some of the types of hernas uh the most common types of hernas in men constitute inguinal hernas which are almost uh 75% in women most commonly it is post pregancy umbilical hernas sometimes they might also present as a birth defect uh let's come to some of the most common hernas that present on the anterior abdominal wall these can be vental hernas which present as an epigastric hernia which comes on the upper part of your abdomen sometimes the hernas can even present post surgery as an incisal hernia uh usually women undergoing any uh uh lower abdominal surgeries or men undergoing any anti abdominal wall surgeries they can present as incisional hernas uh some of the types of hernas that are internal are heal hernas where there's a layer of muscle that uh divides your chest and your abdomen so where the food pipe enters your musculature here which is called the diaphragm if this widens your stomach tends to be pulled up into the chest cavity so this can present as a hidal hernia so this is one form of an internal hernia talking about the seriousness of the situation how serious are hernas usually hernas aren't serious most hernas aren't but uh as the time progresses with a hernia in your body it does get serious because sometimes a loop of intestine or some part of your organ gets stuck in between the heral orifice and which causes Spain if you ignore it even after this sometimes it might go for strangulation which means the blood supply to the particular organ or the intestine is cut off this is when they get serious what are the common signs or symptoms how do you how do you see hernas usually whenever you talk about hernas patients usually present with a visible lump whenever they change their physical position when they're standing when they're sitting or when they're trying to get up from the bed you see a visible lump in patients and if if they don't have a visible lump and if you're initially starting off uh showing symptoms of hernia usually you present with a dulling pain a dragging pain which usually restricts you from getting up or either sitting down or sudden jerky moments so these are the most common symptoms that we usually encounter and in women most commonly they have a protruding belly button post surgery or post uh delivery so this is how we see it what are the risk fact factors see there is always a risk factor in hernia when you're standing for long hour and working or when you're bending awkwardly stretching awkwardly these will increase the wear and tear of your musculature secondly you can have a chronic issue patients might present with chronic cough patients might present with chronic sneezing so this usually generally tend to increase the pressure in your abdominal cavity so whenever there's an increase in the pressure in your abdominal cavity organs tend to move out or bulge out from the walls of your abdominal region so this is most commonly seen third thing if you've got an acute trauma if if you have met with an accident road traffic accidents usually whenever you present there and after you're treated sometimes after the wound heals the muscles are a little weak and that gives aidis to break open and for the organs that are inside to jut out sometimes you might have a previous abdominal surgery you under gone a surgery your abdominal walls are weak and from the lowest or the weakest point of your abdomen or your musculature organs tend to bulge out usually it is the intestines or your momentum let's talk about complications of hernas do they get complicated are they complicated uh basically hernas when they're initially diagnosed do not go for complications but when they do they do go for some dreaded complications uh sometimes a loop of your bubble that is your intestines might get stuck in the hernial defect or sometimes the fat covering your intestines also known as momentum might come and get stuck this might give you an uncomfortable uh dragging pain so which might be constant sometimes if you choose to ignore this and you continue with your hernia it might get bigger or something else might get stuck in the hernial defect and that might cut off the blood supply this also gives rise to another complication called strangulation the in strangulation a part of your bubble that is your intestines loses the blood supply and this can go for necrosis this usually goes in for a very dreaded complication how do you treat it how do you diagnose it so how do you diagnose it hernas are very simple to diagnose a simple physical examination can diagnose that you have got a hernia in men it quite presents naturally as a swelling in the scrotum when it's an inguinal hernia in women definitely there's a protruding or a bulging umal region which gives rise to an umblical hernia so a simple phys iCal examination would suffice in case you want to know the extent of hernia or the contents of a hernia then you'll probably have to go in for radiological examinations that is either via ultrasonography or you can go in for a CT scan which gives you in-depth and in detail diagnosis of your hernas your defects and what are the contents how do you treat it basically if you want a permanent solution it's always surgery yes you can either go in for an open surgery or you can go in for a laparoscopic surgery what we basically do here is we repair the hernas we close the defect we push the contents inside and we make sure that we reinforce the walls of your abdomen through a foreign body usually a mesh that is made of Proline this is how we treat it what are the risk factors of a hernia how do you develop hernas usually it's a chronic issue either chronic cough or chronic allergies which make you sneeze regularly sometimes the patients present with chronic constipation in women generally post pregnancy yes the abdomen tends to get a little LAX after your delivery and finally you might have some kind of an abdominal surgery previously or some kind of trauma that might give rise to an incisional hernas where a part of your musculature is weak and from there the organs tend to protrude through your abdominal wall so to conclude if you or your family members or any loved ones are suffering from any of the symptoms that we've spoken about or discussed in this video do walk in for a consultation and we will try to resolve your issues as much as possible either through an open approach or a laproscopic approach and we do tend uh that you lead a healthy life

Dr.

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